Both of the studies i. Both of the topics are very close to each other and this is the prime reason that both of these are being taught together in medical institutions. On one hand, anatomy is the study of how living creatures are being organized internally and externally whereas on the other hand physiology defines how these structures function together. But all in all both anatomy and physiology are great ways for understanding completely about the body parts and their functioning. Skip to content Anatomy and Physiology, both these terms are very commonly used in the medical field.
What is Anatomy? What is Physiology? Main Differences Between Anatomy and Physiology Although both are fields of biology and related to the body parts of living beings but still there exists a lot of difference between anatomy and physiology: Anatomy deals in the study of various structures of the body whereas physiology involves the study of various functions of the body like respiration and urinal functions.
Anatomy is performed on the dead as well as living beings as the study is focused on various structures and shapes of the body whereas physiology is performed only on living beings as it is more focused on how different organs are functioning along with others. Anatomy makes people understand about various body parts of living being body being it human or any other creature on earth whereas physiology helps in making people understand how these parts are working.
Anatomy is a field of medical study which taught people about the body structures of living beings. It includes the study of bones, muscles and various body parts. Physiology is the field of medical study which taught about the functioning of various body orders in a coordinated way.
Together, anatomy and physiology explain the structure and function of the different components of the human body to describe what it is and how it works. Physiology is the science of the normal function of living systems. Physiology studies the processes and mechanisms that allow an organism to survive, grow, and develop.
Physiological processes are the ways in which organ systems, organs, tissues, cells, and biomolecules work together to accomplish the complex goal of sustaining life. Physiological mechanisms are the smaller physical and chemical events that make up a larger physiological process. Human physiology studies the functions of humans, their organs and cells, and how all of these functions combine to make life, growth, and development possible.
The drawing is based on the correlations of ideal human proportions with geometry described[4] by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius in Book III of his treatise De Architectura. This resistance stabilizes the body by regulating the internal environment, even as the external environment changes.
A stable internal environment is needed for normal physiological function and survival of a living system. Maintaining a stable internal environment requires constant monitoring, mostly by the brain and nervous system. The brain, more specifically the hypothalamus, receives information from the body and responds appropriately through the release of chemical messengers such as neurotransmitters, catecholamines, and hormones.
These chemical messengers signal individual organs to change their functions in order to maintain homeostasis for the whole body. For instance, if blood oxygen levels are too low, the brain signals the muscles controlling the lungs to breathe faster to increase oxygen intake. The brain also signals the heart to beat faster so other organs and tissues receive the oxygen they need. When oxygen levels return to normal, the brain signals the lungs and heart to return to their normal rates of function, a process called feedback.
Traditionally, the academic discipline of physiology views the body as a collection of interacting systems, each with its own combination of functions and purposes. Each system contributes to the homeostasis of other systems and of the entire organism. No system works in isolation, and the well-being of the person depends upon the well-being of the interactions between body systems.
The traditional divisions by system are somewhat arbitrary. Many organs participate in more than one system such as the heart and kidney , and systems might be organized by function, by embryological origin, or by other categorizations.
For instance, the neuroendocrine system is the complex interactions of the neurological and endocrinological systems. Together, the neuroendocrine system regulates many physiological processes, including those that maintain homeostasis. Furthermore, many aspects of physiology are not easily categorized by traditional definitions of organ systems because they are composed of interactions between organs in multiple organ systems.
The study of how physiology is altered in disease is pathophysiology. Pathophysiology focuses on how physiological processes fail to maintain normal function, resulting in the manifestation of disease symptoms. Later on, the physicians were allowed to study and gain knowledge about human body structure by dissecting their dead bodies.
Dissection is still performed in medical institution and in pathology labs, to study and observe every structure of the human body, however with the advancing technology numerous imaging techniques have been developed to analyze the internal structure. X-rays, CT Scan, Ultrasound, etc. Anatomy is studied under two area of specialization: Macroscopic anatomy and Microscopic anatomy.
Macroscopic anatomy is a study of such an arrangement of the body that is noticeable without the use of a microscope or any magnification. Microscopic anatomy includes the study of the cells cytology , and tissue histology and other tiny or smaller structure that is only visible with the microscope or any different kind of magnification.
There are two conventional approaches to study the structure of the body: regional and systemic. Regional anatomy deals with the study of relationships between the different structures present in the specific region of the body like the abdomen.
Regional anatomy helps us to understand how the cells, nerves, tissues, blood vessels and other structures function together with the target of serving the particular body area properly.
Systemic anatomy is the study of groups of structures that work together for performing the specialized function. For example, the study of the muscular system would include all the skeletal muscles of the body. The study of the organization of structures of the body and their working which counterpart other organs to function together with the aim of supporting the functions of life is known as physiology.
The study of physiology focuses mainly on homeostasis, which is the ability to maintain constant internal condition by living things. Physiology is the observations of pathologic conditions of the organs and its functioning.
It deals with terms like cardiovascular, respiratory, urogenital, etc. Physiology has many subspecialties as it deals with all the critical process going within our body throughout life. Anatomy and Physiology are closely related concepts that are studied together. In other words, anatomy is the analysis of an organism and how it is organized internally as well as externally, whereas physiology is how these organs function usually. After reading the article I understood that Anatomy and physiology are closely integrated both theoretically and practically I found it interesting that anatomy can be performed both on living and non-living thing whereas physiology can only be done on the living things only.
After reading the article I found that there was some very interesting information that I have not heard about before.
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